在1998-2003年，美國麻州普遍性提升兒童接受水痘疫苗注射的涵蓋率增加，雖然降低水痘發生率，但帶動帶狀皰疹的發生率增加。

在1998-2003年，美國麻州普遍性提升兒童接受水痘疫苗注射的涵蓋率增加，雖然降低水痘發生率，但帶動帶狀皰疹的發生率增加。

 

以水痘和帶狀皰疹的發病率作為衡量1998-2003年期間在美國麻州，增加水痘疫苗注射涵蓋率的危險行為因素監測系統（BRFSS）進行監測。The incidence of varicella and herpes zoster in Massachusetts as measured by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) during a period of increasing varicella vaccine coverage, 1998-2003.

 

背景： BACKGROUND: 作者尋求在水痘疫苗普遍性接種前後，進行監測水痘和帶狀皰疹的流行病學影響。The authors sought to monitor the impact of widespread varicella vaccination on the epidemiology of varicella and herpes zoster. 雖然在水痘疫苗普遍性接種後，水痘的發病率可預期降低，若為預防水痘注射水痘疫苗而再次活化帶狀皰疹病毒可以數學模式預測帶狀皰疹發病率的增加，。While varicella incidence would be expected to decrease, mathematical models predict an initial increase in herpes zoster incidence if re-exposure to varicella protects against reactivation of the varicella zoster virus.

 

方法METHODS: ：在1998-2003年，美國麻州普遍性提升水痘疫苗的接種率，並對美國麻州的水痘和帶狀皰疹的發病率，採用隨機數字撥號水痘疫苗接種危險行為因素監測系統進行監測。 In 1998-2003, as varicella vaccine uptake increased, incidence of varicella and herpes zoster in Massachusetts was monitored using the random-digit-dial Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

 

結果： RESULTS: 在1998年和2003年間，水痘的發病率從16.5 /1,000下降到3.5 /1,000（79％），水痘的發病率在各年齡層整體有>或=66％下降，除了成人的水痘的發病率（下降27％）。Between 1998 and 2003, varicella incidence declined from 16.5/1,000 to 3.5/1,000 (79%) overall with > or = 66% decreases for all age groups except adults (27% decrease). 1999-2003年期間，整體帶狀皰疹發生率的年齡標準化估計從2.77/ 1,000增加到5.25 /1,000（90％），以及粗調整利率的趨勢是高度顯著性（P <0.001）。Age-standardized estimates of overall herpes zoster occurrence increased from 2.77/1,000 to 5.25/1,000 (90%) in the period 1999-2003, and the trend in both crude and adjusted rates was highly significant (p < 0.001). 年特定年齡的帶狀皰疹發生率分別為有些不穩定，但都增加了，而25-44歲和65歲年齡組的趨勢是顯著的。Annual age-specific rates were somewhat unstable, but all increased, and the trend was significant for the 25-44 year and 65+ year age groups.

 

結論： CONCLUSION: 兒童接受水痘疫苗注射的涵蓋率增加，會降低水痘發生率，但會發生增加帶狀皰疹的發生率。As varicella vaccine coverage in children increased, the incidence of varicella decreased and the occurrence of herpes zoster increased. 如果帶狀皰疹發病率的明顯上升是真實的，兒童普遍化接種水痘疫苗只有幾種可能解釋之一。If the observed increase in herpes zoster incidence is real, widespread vaccination of children is only one of several possible explanations. 需進一步的研究，以了解在美國和其他國家使用水痘疫苗前後，帶狀皰疹的長期發展趨勢。Further studies are needed to understand secular trends in herpes zoster before and after use of varicella vaccine in the United States and other countries.

 

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1177968/